As the automobile industry moves towards more efficient & environmentally friendly options, an intermediate between electric vehicles & ICE vehicles was born; hybrid cars. Today, many different technologies are marketed as “hybrid” vehicles in the market, with Mahindra’s microHybrid, Maruti’s smartHybrid and strong hybrid, Toyota’s strong hybrid & plug-in hybrid vehicles in the pricier segment.
What Do These Names Mean?
Strong Hybrid
This allows the vehicle to run on either the electric motor, the combustion engine, or a combination of both. The electric motor provides low-end torque and makes the vehicle feel more responsive. It also is capable of driving the car independently at lower speeds. It also features regenerative braking, which captures energy to recharge the battery. It provides much better fuel economy than less-advanced mild hybrid systems. Toyota has pioneered this technology, popular examples being the Toyota Camry, Innova Hycross, Hyryder & the Maruti Grand Vitara in its top variants. Honda also brands their version of this technology as e:HEV.
Mild Hybrid
These represent the most basic form of hybrid technology, where the motor can’t drive the vehicle independently. A small electric motor assists the engine during specific scenarios, like stop & go traffic and acceleration. These might also be used to market an engine start-stop system. A small battery is used, usually 48V. Owing to their basic nature, these tend to be easier to maintain & are cheaper, yet don’t produce significant fuel efficiency gains. Many Maruti cars implement this technology including the Ertiga & the Ciaz.
Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)
Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles are the most sophisticated approach to hybrid technology so far. These vehicles feature an independently rechargeable battery that can be charged just like an electric vehicle, offering an electric-only drive range of >50km. In urban scenarios, these vehicles can prove very economical with the internal combustion engine turned off. When additional power is required, the engine kicks in seamlessly. It’s the best of both worlds – an electric vehicle’s economy and an internal combustion engine’s character and peace of mind. However, this is also the most expensive technology only available in high-end luxury cars. It also adds a lot of weight to the car, as it’s effectively carrying two separate powertrains instead of just one.
What Should I Opt For?
For those conscious of fuel efficiency, a mild-hybrid setup might not make much difference. It’s only when you step up to at least a strong hybrid system that gains start to become meaningful. Hybrid vehicles are a good way to preserve the soul of an internal combustion engine while tapping into modern technology and efficiency gains.
